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Preheat the oven to 325 degrees F. Grease a doughnut pan with unsalted butter and set off to the side.
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Whisk together the flour, cocoa powder, salt, baking powder, and brown sugar in a medium/large mixing bowl until combined.
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In a separate smaller mixing bowl, whisk together the buttermilk, egg, melted butter, and extracts.
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Add the wet ingredients to the dry and use a spatula or wooden spoon to mix until no more dry ingredients are visible and the batter is completely combined.
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Fill each doughnut cavity about 2/3 of the way full with the cake batter. Bake the doughnuts for 11-13 minutes. Let the doughnuts cool for 5 minutes in the pan before inverting on to a wire rack to finish cooling.
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While the doughnuts cool, make the salted caramel. Add the sugar, water and corn syrup to a small pot. Heat over medium/high while whisking. Once the sugar is completely dissolved, stop whisking. Let the sugar cook until a medium golden brown color. Reduce the heat to low and carefully whisk in the salt, butter, and cream. Keep whisking until combined. Remove from heat and add to a heatproof bowl to slightly cool.
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To assemble the doughnuts, first dip the doughnut into the caramel sauce. Then make sure to let the excess drip off over the caramel bowl before dipping it into the bowl with the crushed chips and pretzels. Add back to the wire rack to completely set up.